The euro area at a glance

€conomy

World Bank & OECD annual data
International comparison

How far does output go?

Compare output per person, working-age adult or hour worked across the euro area and its members. Choose exchange-rate or purchasing-power valuation, then inspect the annual path relative to the United States.

4 ways to measure output3 valuations1995 onward · annual observations

Living standard / productivity comparator

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Definitions and sources

GDP and denominators. GDP, total population and population aged 15–64 are annual World Bank World Development Indicators. GDP per capita and per working-age adult divide GDP by the respective same-year population. The latter is an age-based denominator, not the labour force or number employed.

Valuation. Nominal GDP is in current US dollars at market exchange rates. Current PPP values use current international dollars. Constant PPP World Bank GDP uses 2021 international dollars. A ratio to the US uses the same measure, valuation and calendar year in numerator and denominator. PPP is generally more suitable for comparing living standards; nominal valuation answers a different question.

Output per hour. OECD Productivity Database GDP per hour worked supplies the hourly series. Current national-currency values are converted to US dollars using the World Bank's annual official exchange rate; OECD supplies current PPP and constant 2020 PPP hourly values. The OECD euro area series is EA20, whereas the World Bank euro area aggregate is EMU. Their historical country compositions and sources can differ. Cyprus and Malta have no OECD hourly series in this snapshot, and gaps are left blank. GDP per hour is an output-productivity measure, not household disposable income.